The work presents an overview of the main results of experimental and theoretical researches made by the Federal State Budgetary Establishment «27 Scientific Centre» of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation together with other scientific organizations and institutions in 1989–2014 in the sphere of the development of biocatalysts, and biotechnological methods of destruction of chemical warfare agents (organophosphorus agents) and the products of their detoxication, including the reactionary masses, obtained during the industrial destruction of chemical weapons. The article shows that the methods of the remediation of soil and purification of water with the usage of microorganisms-destructors or their consortiums and their enzymes can be used for the neutralization of any detoxication products of chemical warfare agents, obtained by the usage of different technologies of chemical neutralization. This indicates the possibility of environmentally friendly neutralization and detoxification of considerable volume and concentrations of agents as well as large territories at the sites of former production, storage and destruction of chemical warfare agents. These eco-friendly and safe neutralization and detoxification technologies can be based on microbial biocatalytic processes. The authors assert that on the basis of the analysis mentioned above it is possible to substantiate the choice of the enzymes and the strains with high destruction ability and tolerance towards toxic agents, to elaborate the technological schemes of the production of the eco-biopreparations (biocatalysts) on the basis of the enzymes and microorganizms-destructors and to develop the technological schemes of the remediation of soil and purification of water using biocatalyst-enzymes and immobilized bacterial cells.

The article is dedicated to the new method for early diagnostics of pathological conditions under the action of physiologically active substances with genotoxic properties. The method allows the evaluation of microsomal system of the liver under the action of xenobiotic alkylating type and the condition of microsomal oxidiation system in vivo. It is supposed to asses preliminary the norm of the reaction of organism (phenotype of bio-object) by the intensity of microsomal oxidiation during the study of the toxicological characteristics of physiologically active substances influencing the organism at low doses. The method includes the characteristics of hereditary intensity of epoxidiation (hydroxyliation) reactions of metabolism. Carbamazepine is used as a pharmacological probe. The article formulates the definition of the concept of norm, threshold for the harmful effect and prepatological state of organism.

The article is dedicated to the results of the studies of Bacillus anthracis isolates, selected during the liquidation of anthrax epizootic in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District in summer 2016. The above mentioned isolates turned out to be highly sensitive to the means of general emergency prophylaxis (doxycycline, pefloxacin and rifampicin), as well as to the main means of special emergency prophylaxis and etiotropic therapy of anthrax (ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, gentamicin). The studies revealed also the high virulence of B. anthracis strain in white mice. The lethal dose (LD50) turned out to be from 5 to 7 spores, and the average lifetime of animals since the moment of contamination till death did not exceed 3,6 days. The results of VNTR typing allowed to state, that the genotype of B. anthracis isolates, that caused the anthrax epizootic outbreak in the Yamal, was not exotic for Russia. The Russian National Collection of Microorganisms already possesses the stem with identical VNTR-genotype. The Yamal isolates of B. anthracis coincide with the B. anthracis strain 1051, obtained in 1935 by the veterinary laboratory in Ufa from the corpse of the horse. It shows the presence of steady hotbeds of B. anthracis of the above mentioned genotype in our country's soil in the Southern Urals.

The article presents data for creating technological line for the cultivation of modified lines of mammalian cells expressing recombinant proteins. This line is composed of three sections: for the creation of the modified lines of mammalian cells using modern molecular biological tools; for the implementation of scalable cultivation of genetically modified mammalian cells lines; for separation and purification of recombinant polypeptides using validated methods. Within the framework of the experimental study, the cells of СНО-S line, producing recombinant protein GP of the Ebola virus, have been grown up in the mixer reactor and in the wave-type fermenter with the use of suspension technology. It is established, that the wave-type fermenters have the advantage in the accumulation of cells and necessary protein. The recombinant polypeptide GP with purity exceeding 95 % has been isolated and purified from the cultural liquid. During the study of recombinant protein GP by ELISA and Western blot methods, it was detected that it's structure coincides with that of the native glycoprotein of the Ebola virus causative agent.

The article is concerned with the current system of the decontaminants and decontamination equipment of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The authors indicate that the main decontamination work during the fighting with the use of weapons of mass destruction must be done by the soldiers themselves with the application of the decontamination equipment at their disposal. This equipment should be repairable, simple and convenient in use, not expensive in production and have extended storage life. Military units of radiological, chemical and biological defence should be involved in the most difficult and responsible decontamination operations, connected with the decontamination of the command and control centers, large-size military equipment and individual protection equipment. The article is concerned with the main trends in the research, connected with the creation of new, more advanced individual means of decontamination, development of portable decontamination equipment, decontaminants and ways of decontamination.