The article is dedicated to the elaboration of highly sensitive method for the detection of bis(2-N,Ndialkylaminoethyl)disulfides – hydrolysis (degradation) products of highly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents like VX and their analogues. These compounds are subject to the complete prohibition and destruction in accordance with the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction. Thus their detection is of great importance for the monitoring of the compliance with the Convention. The search for the optimum conditions for the chromatographic separation and mass-selective detection for these compounds is based on the OPCW recommendations for the annual international Proficiency Tests. We use gas chromatography as a separation technique. The objects of the research are the homologous organic compounds – bis(2-N,N-diisopropylaminoethyl)disulfide (hydrolysis product of VX-gas) and bis(2-N,N-diethylaminoethyl)disulfide (hydrolysis product of VR-gas). The optimum way of sample preparation is the organic extraction of disulfides from aqueous solution using methylene chloride. During the practical experiments we found out that the most sensitive devices for the detection of bis(2-N,N-dialkylaminoethyl)disulfides were the gas chromatograph Agilent 7890A together with the mass selective detector Agilent 7000B GC/MS Triple Quad and the licenced software Mass Hunter Workstation Software, Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis, version B.04.00. Using the proposed approach, the detection limits of bis(2-N,N-diisopropylaminoethyl) disulfide and bis(2-N,N-diethylaminoethyl)disulfide in water bodies were found to be 0,533±0,003 ng/ml, and 0,68±0,002 ng/ml, respectively.

The development of scientific research methods and dual-use production technologies, the widening of the range of new toxic chemicals, as well as technical possibilities for the development of a new generation of poisonous substances, formally not forbidden by the acting Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, pose a new level of threats to nonproliferation of chemical weapons. Under these circumstances, it is necessary to possess not only legal possibility, but also appropriate laboratory equipment and services for the effective non-proliferation control. Considerable attention in this sphere has been paid earlier to environmental samples for toxic chemicals analysis, including samples of air, soil, vegetation and water. But at the present time the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) gives special emphasis to analysis of biomedical samples (blood, urine) in the context of non-proliferation and investigations of alleged use of chemical weapons and toxic chemicals. The proper sensitivity during the detection and identification of biomarkers of exposure to chemical agents and toxic chemicals can be achieved by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) methods. Efforts in this sphere are now focused on three main tasks – sample preparation, the optimization of the conditions of chromatographic separation of samples, storage and interpretation of mass-spectra characteristics. The article provides examples of how the above mentioned techniques are used in the detection of signs and evidence of exposure to organic phosphorus compounds and sulfur mustard.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) of skin, made of filtering materials is the most convenient equipment for work in the areas, contaminated with percutaneous toxic chemicals. These kinds of materials must contain activated charcoal on its surface, enough for safe exploitation of PPE. The main task of polymer component in composite filter protective material for PPE is to fix the activated charcoal on the material`s surface, to sorb toxic chemical and to transport it into sorbent`s macro- and mesopores. During the study on the penetrability of methyl salicylate – toxic chemical`s simulator – into such polymer materials, like polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, styrenebutadiene-styrene polymer and polypropylene it was found out, that styrene-butadiene-styrene polymer possessed the highest sorptivity towards methyl salicylate. So there are good reasons to continue the studies on charcoal sorbent encapsulation in high-molecular compound during the development of filtering personal protective equipment of skin, with the use of styrene-butadienestyrene polymer as a matrix.

The article is dedicated to the development of a powder formulation for the decontamination of textile materials. The degassing effect is achieved due to the capillary effect, created by the nanoparticles, included in the above mentioned formulation, that penetrate into the pores of the fibres of the textile material. The degassing formulation contains (weight) А1₂О₃ 12 % и SiO₂ 88 %, with polydisperse microparticles 85 % (weight) and nanoparticles 15 % (weight). The necessary completeness of the decontamination is achieved after the removal of more than (30±7) % of the liquid phase of toxic chemicals. This result may be achieved after the use of powder formulations with particles with an average size of less than 50 µm. The elaborated powder formulation allows to remove more than 80 % of the liquid phase of toxic chemical, that provides the necessary completeness of the decontamination of military equipage.

The members of the executive bodies of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (District) (YaNAO) organized the interaction on assistance in emergency response between the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation and the Troops of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Protection of the Russian Federation Armed Forces (hereinafter referred to as the troops of RCBP) during the elimination of the epizootic anthrax in this constituent territory of the Russian Federation. The practical implementation of this mission by the troops of RCBP was complicated by the mass mortality of animals on a vast territory, the lack of access roads, the difficulty of delivering specialized equipment, and the impossibility of transporting dead animals, taking into account the requirements of the regulations «Veterinary and Sanitary Rules for Collection, Utilization and Destruction of Biological Waste». Experts of the FSBI «48 Central Research Institute» of the Russian Ministry of Defence proposed a technical solution for the utilization of animal dead bodies by means of incineration using oil products and rubber technical goods with subsequent disinfection as part of the provision of scientific and methodological support for the localization and elimination of the epizootic in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The implementation of this technical solution involves the following measures: a pallet is constructed on the surface in the immediate vicinity of the dead animal, consisting of used tires. Then, in the interior space of the pallet, a «cutting» of used truck tires (hereinafter referred to as «TT») is laid; the animal's corpse is stacked on a pallet, overlaying it on the windward side and on top of the TT; pour oil on pallet and on the corpse of animal and TT; produce arson of petroleum products in compliance with safety requirements. In this way, more than 1.5 thousand corpses of dead deer and 10 dogs were promptly disposed in the territory of 100x110 km. Simultaneously, the need to clarify (supplement) the existing regulatory and methodological framework for ensuring effective disinfection measures and utilization of corpses of dead animals was identified.

One of the important areas of research, held in the “33 Central Research Test Institute” of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, is the development of the scientific and theoretical basis for the substantiation of programs and plans for the development of the system of the radiation, chemical and biological protection together with the leading scientific research institutions of the Ministry of Defense of Russia of troops. The formation of program activities is carried out within the framework of the methodology of program planning with the use military economy justification of the development prospects of the armament system of radiation, chemical and biological protection. The conducted research are directed to the decision of the actual problem of qualitative transition to the advanced level of technological progress of samples arms and means of NBC protection equipment. Budgetary restrictions of financing of the state military expenditures necessitate the researches in the interests of improving the theoretical foundations and practical methods of decision-making support in the of ensuring of radiation, chemical and biological safety of the state. The aim of the research is to develop a conceptual approach to increasing the efficiency of the use of state financial resources in the implementation of program activities of the development of the technical system of the radiation, chemical and biological protection of forces. The scientific, theoretical basis for its achievement this aim is the normative, organizational and methodological proposition that deal with military and economic support of the country’s defense and radiation, chemical and biological protection of the state. In the studies the dialectical, systemic, analytical and logical methods of studying of the socio-economic phenomena, as well as methods of scientific abstraction, induction and deduction, normative and positive analysis and synthesis are used. As a result of the research, a conceptual approach to the to the construction of a military-economic system of the NBC protection armament and equipment development direction is developed. It allows accelerating the introduction of advanced technologies of radiation, chemical and biological protection into new models and system of the armament weapons and military special equipment.