Reusable Respiratory and Skin Protective Devices Will Help Russian NBC Protection Troops to Avoid Pathogenic Biological Agents

Highlights. As a novel coronavirus infection spreads around the world, it is crucial to provide Russian NBC Protection Troops with respiratory and skin protective devices that will help them to avoid pathogenic biological agents.

Relevance. A common protective set is the only authorized equipment that is able to protect skin of military men from pathogenic biological agents. When military men wear this suit during disinfection of special vehicles, edifices, buildings and plots of land, personnel decontamination in case of biological contamination area is found, it sometimes immobilizes them excessively and they feel completely exhausted. Thus, it is crucial to develop a new more efficient respiratory and skin protective set for the Russian NBC Protection Troops that will help them to avoid pathogenic biological agents.

Purpose of the study is to make proposals for the design and materials that are to be used in manufacturing of the set of respiratory and skin protective devices. This set will further be sent to Russian NBC Protection Troops and will help them to avoid pathogenic biological agents.

Materials and methods. The materials selection and design features choice have been justified by the analysis of academic sources and patents. The authors have also conducted a questionnaire survey for experts. The results of this survey have been considered in the study. The materials for a future set have been chosen based on the results of the experimental studies of more than 100 of material samples. These samples have been provided by the industrial enterprises of the region. During the studies, a gravimetric method has been employed. Some design features of the set have been implemented pursuant to expert opinions, expressed in the questionnaires.

Discussion. With the help of the authorities of the Kostroma region, the authors of this paper have analyzed more than 100 fabrics that are to be used in manufacturing of respiratory and skin protective devices. They also have evaluated the impact that detergent formulae exert on the material properties.

Conclusions. The conducted tests have helped to make recommendations, suggestions as well as elaborate certain engineering solutions. Considering all that the enterprises started a large-scale production of efficient respiratory and skin protective devices for medical staff in Kostroma and other regions of the Russian Federation. Design features of garment with respiratory and skin protective devices have served as a pattern for a promising protective set for Russian NBC Protection Troops that will help them to avoid pathogenic biological agents.

1. Бухтияров И.В. Эпидемиологические и клинико-экспертные проблемы профессиональной инфекционной заболеваемости работников при оказании медицинской помощи в условиях пандемии COVID-19. Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2021;61(1):4–12. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-1-4-12 [Bukhtiyarov I.V. Epidemiological, clinical, and expert problems of occupational infectious diseases of workers during medical care in the COVID-19 pandemic. Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology. 2021;61(1):4–12 (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-1-4-12]

2. Тимофеев ИН. COVID-19 и политика санкций: опыт ивент-анализа. Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Международные отношения. 2020;13(4):449–64. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2020.402 [Timofeev IN. COVID-19 and the policy of sanctions: An event analysis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations. 2020;13(4):449–64 (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2020.402]

3. Дениэл Рал Т, Дана Ноури В. Личная дыхательная система, устройство и процессы. Патент US 6394090 В1, МПК A62В7/10. заявл. 17.02.1999; опубл. 28.05.2002. [Daniel Ral T, Dana Nouri V. Personal respiratory system, structure and processes. Patent US 6394090 В1, МПК A62В7/10. Announced on 17/02/1999; publ. 28/05/2002 (in Russian).]

4. Атрошенко АА, Горбушкин ВД, Колесников ГН, Скобцов АА, Зародов ВП, Щербакова ОА. Полумаска фильтрующая для защиты от аэрозолей и пыли. Патент RU 2550329 C2, МПК A62B 18/00. заявл. 05.07.2013; опубл. 10.05.2015. [Atroshenko AA, Gorbushkin VD, Kolesnikov GN, Skobtsov AA, Zarodov VP, Shcherbakova OA. Half mask filtering for protection against aerosols and dust. Patent RU 2550329 C2, МПК A62B 18/00. Announced on 05/07/2013; publ. 10/05/2015 (in Russian).]

5. Петросян АР. Маска медицинская. Патент RU 139546 U1, МПК A62В18/02. заявл. 24.05.2013; опубл. 20.04.2014. [Petrosyan AR. Medical mask. Patent. RU 139546 U1, МПК A62В18/02. Announced on 05/24/2013; publ. 20/04/2014 (in Russian).]

6. Спичаков ПВ. Маска одноразовая медицинская. Патент RU 110937 U1, МПК A41D13/11, В01D39/04. заявл. 07.07.2011; опубл. 10.12.2011. [Spichakov PV. Disposable medical mask. Patent RU 110937 U1, МПК A41D13/11, В01D39/04. Announced on 07/07/2011; publ. 10/12/2011.]

7. Спичаков ПВ. Медицинская защитная маска с регулируемым размером. Патент RU 2654400 C1, МПК A41D13/11. заявл. 17.04.2017; опубл. 17.05.2018 (in Russian). [Spichakov PV. Medical protective mask with adjustable size. Patent RU 2654400 C1, МПК A41D13/11. Announced on 17/04/2017; publ. 17/05/2018.]

8. Данякин НВ, Соловых СН, Васильев ВВ, Якупов РП, Барсукова АА, Данякина ЕА. Защитная маска многоразового использования. Патент RU 205800 U1, МПК A41D13/11. заявл. 02.12.2020; опубл. 11.08.2021. [Danyakin NV, Solovykh SN Vasiliev VV, Yakupov RP, Barsukova AA, Danyakina EA. Reusable protective mask. Patent RU 205800 U1, МПК A41D13/11. Announced on 02/12/020; publ. 11/08/2021 (in Russian).]

9. Yapuntich DA, Grannis VB, Seppala HJ, Ferguson AB. One-way liquid valve. Patent US 5325892 A, МПК А62Б18/10. Announced on 29/05/1992; publ. 05/07/1994.

10. Кравцов АГ, Воробьев АВ, Пинчук ЛС, Гольдаде ВА, Громыко ЮВ. Способ получения электретного тонковолокнистого фильтрующего материала для респираторов. Патент RU 2198718 C1, МПК A62В23/02, В01D39/16. заявл. 01.01.2001; опубл. 20.02.2003. [Kravtsov AG, Vorobyov AV, Pinchuk LS, Goldade VA, Gromyko YV. Method for producing electret fine-fiber filter material for respirators. Patent RU 2198718 C1, МПК A62В23/02, В01D39/16. Announced on 01/01/2001; publ. 20/02/2003 (in Russian).]

11. Ангадживанд СА, Джонс МЕ, Мейер ДЕ. Способ электризации нетканого полотна, электретная фильтрующая среда, упругая фильтрующая маска и респираторная маска в сборе. Патент RU 2130521 C1, МПК В01D39/14, А62В7/00, А62В18/00. заявл. 17.08.1994; опубл. 20.05.1999. [Angajivand SA, Jones ME, Meyer DE. Method for electrifying non-woven fabric, electret filter medium, elastic filter mask and respirator mask assembly. Patent RU 2130521 C1, МПК В01D39/14, А62В7/00, А62В18/00. Announced on 17/08/1994; publ. 20/05/1999 (in Russian).]

12. Горбачев ПВ, Данякин НВ, Соловых СН, Васильев ВВ, Ананьев АА, Яковлев ИВ, Захаров НР. Изолирующий костюм с капюшоном. Патент RU 214621 U1, МПК A41D13/11. заявл. 24.12.2021; опубл. 08.11.2022. [Gorbachev PV, Danyakin NV, Solovykh SN, Vasiliev VV, Ananyev AA, Yakovlev IV, Zakharov NR. Isolation suit with hood. Patent RU 214621 U1, МПК A41D13/11. Announced on 24/12/2021; publ. 08/11/2022 (in Russian).]