nbsprotВестник войск РХБ защитыJournal of NBC Protection Corps2587-57283034-279127 Научный центр10.35825/2587-5728-2021-5-4-353-365ajgimanbsprot-90Research ArticleБиологическая безопасность и защита от биологических угрозBiological Security and Protection against Biological ThreatsХарактеристики варианта дельта (B.1.617) вируса SARS-CoV-2 – доминантного агента третьей и четвертой волн эпидемии COVID-19 в РоссииThe Characteristics of the Delta Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Virus – the Dominant Agent of the Third and Forth Waves of Epidemic COVID-19 in RussiaСизиковаТ. Е.SizikovaT. E.

Сизикова Татьяна Евгеньевна. Научный сотрудник, канд. биол. наук.

г. Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11  

Tat' jana Evgen'evna Sizikova. Researcher. Candidate of Biologic Sciences.

Oktyabrskaya Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

48cnii@mil.ruЛебедевВ. Н.LebedevV. N.

Лебедев Виталий. Николаевич. Ведущий научный сотрудник, д-р биол. наук, проф.

г. Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11  

Vitaliy Nikolaevich Lebedev. Leading researcher. Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor.

Oktyabrskaya Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

48cnii@mil.ruКутаевД. А.KutaevD. A.

Кутаев Дмитрий Анатольевич. Заместитель начальника ФГБУ «48 ЦНИИ» МО РФ по научно- исследовательской работе, канд. биол. наук.

г. Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11  

Dmitriy Anatol'evich Kutaev. Deputy of Head of Federal State Budgetary Establishment «48 Central Scientific Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defenсe of the Russian Federation. Candidate of Medical Sciences.

Oktyabrskaya Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

48cnii@mil.ruБорисевичС. В.BorisevichS. V.

Борисевич Сергей Владимирович. Начальник Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «48 ЦНИИ» Минобороны России, д-р биол. наук, проф., член-корр. РАН.

г. Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11  

Sergey Vladimirovich Borisevich. Head of Federal State Budgetary Establishment «48 Central Scientific Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defenсe of the Russian Federation. Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences. Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor. 

Oktyabrskaya Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

48cnii@mil.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт» Министерства обороны Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Establishment «48 Central Scientific Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20210706202354353365Copyright © Сизикова Т.Е., Лебедев В.Н., Кутаев Д.А., Борисевич С.В., 20232023Сизикова Т.Е., Лебедев В.Н., Кутаев Д.А., Борисевич С.В.Sizikova T.E., Lebedev V.N., Kutaev D.A., Borisevich S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/90

Среди эпидемических вариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2 основное внимание в настоящее время привлекает вариант дельта (B.1.617), впервые выявленный в Индии осенью 2020 г. После появления варианта дельта заболеваемость COVID-19 в Индии выросла в 20 раз. Выход варианта дельта вируса SARS-CoV-2 за пределы Индии стал одним из факторов возникновения третьей волны пандемии COVID-19. По состоянию на 4 октября 2021 г. вариант дельта вируса SARS-CoV-2 выявлен в 192 странах. Цель работы – анализ характеристик варианта дельта (B.1.617) вируса SARS-COV-2 и особенностей вызываемого им заболевания. Основными особенностями варианта дельта вируса SARS-CoV-2 являются: набор мутаций, затрагивающих значимую функциональную область S-белка; скорость передачи от человека к человеку; сниженный инкубационный период вызываемого заболевания. В России вариант дельта вируса SARS-CoV-2 появился не ранее конца апреля–начала мая 2021 г. С распространением варианта дельта, как доминирующего, связано возникновение в начале июня 2021 г. третьей, а в середине сентября – четвертой волны эпидемии COVID-19 в России. Эпидемиологические данные по России демонстрируют резкое увеличение числа новых случаев заболевания при одновременном росте числа госпитализаций и летальных исходов заболевания. Необходимыми мерами борьбы с эпидемией являются: в первую очередь, ускорение темпов вакцинации, а также комплекс административных мероприятий, включающих ограничение массовых мероприятий, строгое соблюдение масочного режима и социальной дистанции в общественных местах.

Among the epidemic variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus the main attention is currently attracted by the delta variant (B.1.617), first identified in India in the end of 2020. Since the appearance of the delta variant, the morbidity rate of COVID-19 in India has increased 20-fold. The overflow of the delta variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus outside of India is one of the factors in the emergence of the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. As of August 24, 2021 the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 virus has been identified in 193 countries. The purpose of this work is to analyze the delta variant of SARSCoV-2 virus and the features of the disease caused by it. The main features of the delta variant are: a set of mutations affecting a significant functional area of S-protein; a transfer rate from person to person; a reduced incubation period of caused disease. In Russia, the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 virus appears no earlier than the end of April – beginning of May, 2021. The spread of the delta variant as the dominant one is associated with the emergence in early June 2021 of the third, and in mid-September – the fourth wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Russia. The epidemiological data for Russia show a sharp increase in the number of new cases of the disease, with a simultaneous increase in the number of hospitalizations and deaths of the disease. The necessary measures to combat the epidemic are: first of all, accelerating the pace of vaccination, as well as the set of administrative measures, including limiting mass events, strict observance of the mask regime and social distance in public places.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.