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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nbsprot</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник войск РХБ защиты</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of NBC Protection Corps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5728</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-2791</issn><publisher><publisher-name>27 Научный центр</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35825/2587-5728-2025-9-1-92-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">atbjyw</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nbsprot-397</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Вооружение и средства войск РХБ защиты</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Weapons and Means of NBC Protection Troops</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дезактивация загрязненных металлических поверхностей с помощью импульсных лазерных установок</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Deactivation of Contaminated Metal Surfaces by Means of Pulsed Laser Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хантов</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khantov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хантов Вячеслав Павлович. Начальник кафедры ВА РХБЗ, канд. хим. наук, доцент. </p><p>156015, г. Кострома, ул. Горького, д. 16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav P. Khantov. Head of Department, Military Academy of NBC Defence, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Associate Professor. </p><p>Gorkogo Str. 16, Kostroma 156015 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varhbz@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeyev</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергеев Константин Владимирович. Доцент кафедры ВА РХБЗ, канд. техн. наук, доцент. </p><p>156015, г. Кострома, ул. Горького, д. 16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin V. Sergeyev. Assistant professor of Department, Military Academy of NBC Defence, Cand. Sci. (Techn.). Associate Professor.</p><p>Gorkogo Str. 16, Kostroma 156015 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипов Владимир Викторович. Доцент кафедры ВА РХБЗ, канд. техн. наук, доцент. </p><p>156015, г. Кострома, ул. Горького, д. 16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Osipov. Assistant professor of Department, Military Academy of NBC Defence, Cand. Sci. (Techn.). Associate Professor.</p><p>Gorkogo Str. 16, Kostroma 156015 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рачкова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rachkova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рачкова Ольга Александровна. Доцент кафедры ВА РХБЗ, канд. биол. наук, доцент. </p><p>156015, г. Кострома, ул. Горького, д. 16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Rachkova. Assistant professor of Department, Military Academy of NBC Defence, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor.</p><p>Gorkogo Str. 16, Kostroma 156015 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>Е. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>E. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егоров Евгений Федорович. Начальник отделения ВА РХБЗ, канд. хим. наук. </p><p>156015, г. Кострома, ул. Горького, д. 16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii F. Egorov. Chief of Section, Military Academy of NBC Defence, Cand. Sci. (Chem.) </p><p>Gorkogo Str. 16, Kostroma 156015 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное военное казенное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Военная академия радиационной, химической и биологической зашиты имени Маршала Советского Союза С.К. Тимошенко (г. Кострома)» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Nuclear Biological Chemical Defence Military Academy Named after Marshal of the Soviet Union S.K. Timoshenko (Kostroma), the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хантов В.П., Сергеев К.В., Осипов В.В., Рачкова О.А., Егоров Е.Ф., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хантов В.П., Сергеев К.В., Осипов В.В., Рачкова О.А., Егоров Е.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khantov V.P., Sergeyev K.V., Osipov V.V., Rachkova O.A., Egorov E.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/397">https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/397</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные моменты</title><p>Основные моменты</p><p>Существует необходимость совершенствования подходов удаления радиоактивных веществ с зараженных поверхностей, возникающих в ходе деятельности катастроф на ядерных объектах и применения ядерного оружия.</p></sec><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В процессе своего эволюционного развития традиционные технологии специальной обработки подошли к потенциальному технологическому пределу и не всегда в полной мере удовлетворяют нуждам войск РХБ защиты по технологическим, технико-экономическим и экологическим показателям.</p><p>Цель работы – оценить преимущества применения электромагнитного излучения лазера для дезактивации загрязненных поверхностей.</p><p>Материалы и методы исследования. Использовались англоязычные источники, доступные через базы данных Google Scholar. Анализ информации проводился от частного к общему. Рассматривались принципы электромагнитного излучения.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Термические способы специальной обработки основаны на подводе к загрязненной (зараженной) поверхности высокоинтенсивных потоков энергии в виде светового излучения ИК-диапазона, обработке поверхности высокотемпературным газовым потоком и т.п. Это является основной предпосылкой для дезактивации объектов высокотемпературным воздействием – электромагнитным излучением с использованием лазера. Лазерная дезактивация делает возможным не только снижение дозовых нагрузок на личный состав, но и может обеспечить возврат в производство применяемой при ликвидации последствий техногенных катастроф дорогостоящей техники. В связи с этим возникает закономерный вопрос возможности и целесообразности применения лазеров для реализации специальной обработки ВВСТ. Хорошей интегрируемости волоконных лазеров в технологию специальной обработки способствует возможность транспортировки луча лазера по оптоволокну на расстояние в несколько десятков метров практически без потери мощности. Отсутствие в волоконных лазерах юстируемых узлов, а также расходных элементов и материалов обеспечивает высокую надежность их работы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Современные оптоволоконные лазеры имеют небольшие геометрические размеры, низкое энергопотребление, небольшой вес, не требуют создания специальных условий по климатическим характеристикам и загрязненности атмосферы, поэтому, как ожидается, достаточно легко интегрируются в технологические линии технических средств специальной обработки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights</p><p>It is necessary to improve methods that permit to eliminate radioactive substances from surfaces that are being contaminated as a result of nuclear industry activity.</p></sec><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. In the course of development, conventional decontamination methods have reached their potential technological limit and nowadays may not totally meet the needs of Russian NBC Protection Troops in technological technical, economic and ecological aspects.</p><p>Purpose of the study is to evaluate advantages of laser electromagnetic emission in terms of contaminated surfaces deactivation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The authors of this paper have analyzed the English language sources available on Google Scholar. Particular–to general analysis was employed. The article has addressed electromagnetic emission laws.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. The essence of thermal decontamination methods is that contaminated surface is treated with energy flows of high intensity in the form of infrared light emissions or hyperthermal gas flow, etc. This is the basic premise for deactivation of items by hyperthermal impact or electromagnetic emission to be exact. It should emphasized that deactivation by laser permits to decrease radiation burden for military personnel as well as helps to return to production expensive equipment used to eliminated the consequences of technological disasters. Considering the mentioned above, we should think over the possibility and necessity of use of lasers to decontaminate armaments and military and special purpose equipment. The optical fiber lasers can be easily integrated into processing lines for decontamination devices due to the fact that a laser beam can go along optic fiber at a distance of several tens of meters without losing power. There are no adjustable knots and expendable materials in optical fiber lasers, that is why they are very reliable and efficient.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Modern optical fiber lasers have small dimensions, low power consumption and low weight. They don’t require special climatic or air clarity conditions that is why they are supposed to be easily integrated into processing lines for decontamination devices.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>волоконные лазеры</kwd><kwd>радиоактивное вещество</kwd><kwd>специальная обработка</kwd><kwd>техническое средство</kwd><kwd>электромагнитное излучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>optical fiber laser</kwd><kwd>radioactive substance</kwd><kwd>decontamination</kwd><kwd>device</kwd><kwd>electromagnetic emission</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vičar D, Princ I, Mašek I, Mika OJ. Nuclear, radiological and chemical weapons, radiation and chemical accidents. 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