nbsprotВестник войск РХБ защитыJournal of NBC Protection Corps2587-57283034-279127 Научный центр10.35825/2587-5728-2019-3-4-329-336tunwgfnbsprot-260Research ArticleБиологическая безопасность и защита от биологических угрозBiological Security and Protection against Biological ThreatsНовые представители семейства Filoviridae: распространение, природные резервуары, потенциальная эпидемическая опасностьThe New Members of Filoviridae Family: Distribution, Natural Reservoirs, Potential Epidemic DangerСизиковаТ. Е.SizikovaT. E.

Сизикова Татьяна Евгеньевна. Научный сотрудник, канд. биол. наук

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Tatyana Eugenievna Sizikova. Researcher. Candidate of Biological Sciences

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

БоярскаяН. В.BoyarskayaN. V.

Боярская Наталья Васильевна. Научный сотрудник

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Natalya Vasilyevna Boyarskaya. Researcher

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

КовальчукА. В.KovalchukA. V.

Ковальчук Алексей Валерьевич. Начальник научно-исследовательского отдела, канд. мед. наук

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Alexey Valerievich Kovalchuk. Head of the Scientific Research Department, Candidate of Medical Sciences

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

ЛебедевВ. Н.LebedevV. N.

Лебедев Виталий Николаевич. Ведущий научный сотрудник, д-р биол. наук, проф.

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Vitaly Nikolayevich Lebedev. Leading Researcher. Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

БорисевичС. В.BorisevichS. V.

Борисевич Сергей Владимирович. Начальник института ФГБУ «48 ЦНИИ» МО РФ д-р. биол. наук, проф., чл.-корр. РАН 

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Sergey Vladimirovich Borisevich. Head of the FSBE «48 Central Scientific Research Institute». Doctor of Biological Sciences, Corresponding Member of RAS 

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306

48cnii@mil.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт» Министерства обороны Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Establishment «48 Central Scientific Research Institute» of the Ministry of the Defence of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20191507202334329336Copyright © Сизикова Т.Е., Боярская Н.В., Ковальчук А.В., Лебедев В.Н., Борисевич С.В., 20232023Сизикова Т.Е., Боярская Н.В., Ковальчук А.В., Лебедев В.Н., Борисевич С.В.Sizikova T.E., Boyarskaya N.V., Kovalchuk A.V., Lebedev V.N., Borisevich S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/260

Цель работы – анализ данных о распространении, природном резервуаре и потенциальной эпидемической опасности новых представителей семейства Filoviridae вирусов Бомбали (род Ebolavirus), Ллови (род Cuevavirus), Менгла (род Dianlovirus), Ксиланг (род Striavirus) и Хунгджиао (род Thamnovirus). Новые филовирусы выявлены в Африке (вирус Бомбали), Европе (вирус Ллови), Юго-Восточной Азии (вирусы Менгла, Ксиланг и Хунгджиао). Естественным природным резервуаром для всех известных филовирусов являются рукокрылые, что подтверждают сведения о выявлении у них геномной РНК и вирусспецифических антител. Выделение от рукокрылых геномной РНК филовирусов с последующим проведением секвенирования и филогенетического анализа позволило определить вирусы Бомбали, Ллови, Менгла, Ксиланг и Хунгджиао как новых представителей семейства Filoviridae и установить их положение на филогенетическом древе семейства Filoviridae. Несмотря на отсутствие в настоящее время данных о выделении биологически активного вируса от рукокрылых, а также отсутствия установленной связи новых филовирусов с заболеваниями человека, сведения о том, что вновь выявленные филовирусы для входа в чувствительные клетки используют те же рецепторы (белок Неймана-Пика), что и патогенные для человека вирусы Эбола и Марбург, возможный патогенетический потенциал новых филовирусов представляет большую опасность для людей, живущих на территориях обитания рукокрылых. Возможность возникновения новых эмерджентных филовирусных инфекций на территории России обуславливает необходимость углубленного изучения рукокрылых как естественного резервуара филовирусов в природе.

The purpose of the work is to analyze the distribution, natural reservoirs and potential epidemic hazard of new members of the Filoviridae family – Bombali viruses (genus Ebolavirus), Lloviu (genus Cuevavirus), Mengla (genus Dianlovirus), Xylang (genus Striavirus), and Hungjiao (genus Thamnovirus). New filoviruses were detected in Africa (Bombali virus), Europe (Llovi virus) and in Southeast Asia (Mengla, Xylang and Hungjiao viruses). Bats are a natural reservoir for all known filoviruses. This fact is confirmed by the information about the detection of genomic RNA and virus-specific antibodies in them. The isolation of the genomic RNA of filoviruses from bats with the subsequent sequencing and phylogenetic analysis made it possible to identify the Bombali, Lloviu, Mengla, Xylang and Hungjiao viruses as new representatives of the Filoviridae family and to establish their position on the phylogenetic tree of the Filoviridae family. Despite the current lack of information about the isolation of biologically active virus from bats, as well as in spite of lack of established connection between new filoviruses and human diseases, the information that newly identified filoviruses use the same receptors (Neumann-Peak protein) to enter sensitive cells, as the Ebola and Marburg viruses, that are pathogenic for humans, the possible pathogenetic potential of new filoviruses poses a great threat to people living in the territories, inhabited by bats. The possibility of the emergence of new emergent filovirus infections on the territory of Russia necessitates an in-depth study of bats as a natural reservoir of filoviruses in nature.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.