nbsprotВестник войск РХБ защитыJournal of NBC Protection Corps2587-57283034-279127 Научный центр10.35825/2587-5728-2019-3-4-319-328lduaspnbsprot-138Research ArticleБиологическая безопасность и защита от биологических угрозBiological Security and Protection against Biological ThreatsОбоснование выбора лабораторной модели для доклинической оценки медицинских средств защиты в отношении боливийской геморрагической лихорадкиValidation of Сhoice of Laboratory Model for Preclinical Estimation of Medical Protectors Against Bolivian Hemorrhagic FeverСизиковаТ. E.SizikovaT. E.

Сизикова Татьяна Евгеньевна. Научный сотрудник, канд. биол. наук

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11 

Tatyana Eugenievna Sizikova. Researcher. Candidate of Biological Sciences

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306 

ЛебедевВ. Н.LebedevV. N.

Лебедев Виталий Николаевич. Ведущий научный сотрудник, д-р биол. наук, проф.

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Vitaly Nikolayevich Lebedev. Leading Researcher. Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306 

ПантюховВ. Б.PantukhovV. B.

Пантюхов Владимир Борисович. Начальник научно-исследовательского управления, канд. мед. наук

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Vladimir Borisovich Pantukhov. Head of the Scientific Research Department.Candidate of Biological Sciences

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306 

ВахновЕ. Ю.VakhnovE. Y.

Вахнов Евгений Юрьевич. Заместитель начальника отдела биологической защиты управления начальника войск РХБЗ ВС РФ, канд. мед. наук

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Eugeny Iurievich Vakhnov. Deputy Head of the Biological Defence Department of the Office of the Head of NBC Protection Troops. Candidate of Medical Sciences

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306 

БорисевичС. В.BorisevichS. V.

Борисевич Сергей Владимирович. Начальник института ФГБУ «48 ЦНИИ» МО РФ; д-р. биол. наук, проф., чл.-корр. РАН

141306, г. Сергиев Посад, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11

Sergey Vladimirovich Borisevich. Head of the FSBE «48 Central Scientific Research Institute». Doctor of Biological Sciences, Corresponding Member of RAS

Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306 

48cnii@mil.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт» Министерства обороны Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Establishment «48 Central Scientific Research Institute» of the Ministry of the Defence of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20192306202334319328Copyright © Сизикова Т.E., Лебедев В.Н., Пантюхов В.Б., Вахнов Е.Ю., Борисевич С.В., 20232023Сизикова Т.E., Лебедев В.Н., Пантюхов В.Б., Вахнов Е.Ю., Борисевич С.В.Sizikova T.E., Lebedev V.N., Pantukhov V.B., Vakhnov E.Y., Borisevich S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/138

В обзоре рассмотрены особенности патогенеза экспериментальной боливийской геморрагической лихорадки (БГЛ) - болезни, вызываемой вирусом Мачупо (семейство Arenaviridae). Сделан вывод, что для проведения доклинических исследований медицинских средств защиты (МСЗ) в условиях in vivo на мелких лабораторных животных целесообразно использовать морских свинок при инфицировании штаммом Chicava или адаптированным для данных животных вариантом штамма Carvallo. Использование морских свинок в качестве мелких лабораторных животных при изучении патогенеза заболевания, вызванного вирусом Мачупо, позволяет провести статистически надежное определение количественных показателей экспериментальной инфекции и проводить отбор препаратов для заключительного этапа доклинической оценки. Поскольку аренавирусы блокируют процесс образования интерферона (ИФН) в инфицированном организме, мыши, дефектные по образованию ИФН, являются перспективными животными моделями при изучении патогенеза БГЛ и могут быть использованы для изучения аттенуированных вариантов вируса Мачупо, которые в дальнейшем могут быть рекомендованы для изучения в качестве кандидатов в живые вакцины. Яванские макаки (Macaca fascicularis) являются лабораторным животным, моделирующим патогенетические проявления БГЛ у человека. Животные этого вида могут быть использованы при проведении заключительных этапов доклинической оценки МСЗ.

This review is dedicated to the peculiarities of pathogenesis of the experimental Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF) - the disease, caused by Machupo virus (Arenaviridae family). The authors come to the conclusion that for carrying out preclinical researches of the medical means of protection (MMP) in vivo on small laboratory animals it is expedient to use guinea pigs, infected with a strain of Chicava or with a variant of Carvallo strain, adapted for these animals. The use of guinea pigs as small laboratory animals when studying pathogenesis of the disease caused by Machupo virus allows to carry out statistically reliable definition of quantitative indices of an experimental infection and to select medicines for the final stage of preclinical assessment. As arenaviruses block the process of formation of interferon (IFN) in the infected organism, mice, defective by IFN formation, are the perspective animal models for the study of BHF pathogenesis and may be used for the study of attenuated variants of Machupo virus. The Javanese macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are the laboratory animals, modeling the pathogenetic manifestations of BHF in humans. They can be used when carrying out the final stages of preclinical assessment of means of medical protection.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.