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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nbsprot</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник войск РХБ защиты</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of NBC Protection Corps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5728</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-2791</issn><publisher><publisher-name>27 Научный центр</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35825/2587-5728-2020-4-4-431-440</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">dbyufp</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nbsprot-123</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Биологическая безопасность и защита от биологических угроз</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Biological Security and Protection against Biological Threats</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Технология CANARY: принципы работы биосенсора, использование для обнаружения возбудителей инфекционных заболеваний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CANARY Technology: Working Principles of Biosensor, Detection of Infectious Pathogens</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горшков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorshkov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горшков Антон Сергеевич. Научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела, канд. мед. наук</p><p>610000, г. Киров, Октябрьский проспект, д. 119</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton Sergeyevich Gorshkov. Researcher of the Scientific and Researcher Department. Candidate of Medical Science</p><p>Oktyabrsky Avenue 119, Kirov 610000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печенкин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechenkin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Печенкин Денис Валериевич. Начальник научно-исследовательского отдела, канд. мед. наук</p><p>610000, г. Киров, Октябрьский проспект, д. 119</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis Valeryevich Pechenkin. Chief of the Scientific and Research Department. Candidate of Medical Science</p><p>Oktyabrsky Avenue 119, Kirov 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">23527@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецовский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsovskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецовский Андрей Владимирович. Начальник отдела планирования НИР – заместитель начальника филиала по НИР, канд. биол. наук</p><p>610000, г. Киров, Октябрьский проспект, д. 119</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Vladimirovich Kuznetsovskiy. Chief of the Department of Planning of Science and Research – Deputy Chief of the Branch. Candidate of Biological Science</p><p>Oktyabrsky Avenue 119, Kirov 610000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Филиал федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Branch Office of the Federal State Budgetary Establishment «48 Central Scientific Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>431</fpage><lpage>440</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горшков А.С., Печенкин Д.В., Кузнецовский А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горшков А.С., Печенкин Д.В., Кузнецовский А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorshkov A.S., Pechenkin D.V., Kuznetsovskiy A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/123">https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/123</self-uri><abstract><p>Биосенсоры многократного использования, предназначенные для детекции биохимических аналитов, широко внедрены в клинико-лабораторную практику, однако биосенсоры для выявления патогенных микроорганизмов еще находятся в стадии разработки или внедрения. Одним из таких устройств является биосенсор CANARY (англ. Cellular Analysis and Notification of Antigen Risks and Yields – клеточный анализ и определение рисков и наличия антигена), используемый, в том числе, военным ведомством США для индикации патогенных биологических агентов. Цель работы – рассмотреть принципы работы и молекулярно-биологические основы биосенсора CANARY, проанализировать возможные направления работ и перспективы создания отечественных биосенсоров на основе эукариотических клеток. Принципиальная схема CANARY состоит в том, что его рецепторным компонентом является модифицированный с помощью технологии генно-инженерии В-лимфоцит, несущий на поверхности цитоплазматической мембраны специфические IgM-подобные В-клеточные рецепторы. Эти клетки способны специфически распознавать целевой антиген и через белок экворин генерировать фотосигнал. В настоящее время на основе биосенсора CANARY созданы сенсоры для обнаружения возбудителей чумы (100–1000 КОЕ/мл), туляремии (100 КОЕ/мл), сибирской язвы (100–500 спор/мл), натуральной оспы (&lt;500 КОЕ/мл), некоторых токсинов (рицина – 3 нг/мл, ботулинического токсина – 16 пг/мл). Учитывая высокие показатели чувствительности и специфичность метода, относительную простоту и высокую скорость анализа одной пробы, возможность анализа проб аэрозолей, данную технологию следует рассматривать как перспективную основу для создания отечественных биологических сенсоров, предназначенных для обнаружения опасных биологических агентов в биологических образцах, воде, пищевых продуктах, на объектах окружающей среды и в аэрозолях. Особую актуальность сенсорам на основе технологии CANARY придает ухудшение глобальной эпидемической обстановки, вызванное распространением различных штаммов SARS-CoV-2. Для создания отечественного аналога такого биосенсора потребуется тесная кооперация с научными учреждениями, специализирующимися в области молекулярной генетики, и производителями лабораторного оборудования. В статье также показана логика появления и развития технологии CANARY.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Reusable biosensors for the detection of biochemical analytes are widely used in clinical and laboratory practice. However, biosensors for the detection of pathogenic microorganisms are still under development or implementation. One of these devices is CANARY biosensor (Cellular Analysis and Notification of Antigen Risks and Yields), used by the US Army to indicate pathogenic biological agents. The aim of this article is to consider operating principles and molecular-biological foundations of CANARY biosensor, to analyze the possible directions of work and the prospects for creating domestically made biosensors based on eukaryotic cells. The concept of CANARY is that its receptor component is a B-lymphocyte, modified using genetic engineering, which carries specific IgM-like B-cell receptors on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane. These cells are able to specifically recognize the target antigen and generate a photosignal through the aequorin protein. Currently, biosensors are already created for the detection of causative agents of plague (100–1000 CFU / ml), tularemia (100 CFU / ml), anthrax (100–500 spores / ml), smallpox (&lt;500 CFU / ml), some toxins (ricin – 3 ng / ml, botulinum toxin – 16 pg / ml). They are based on the CANARY biosensor. Due to high sensitivity and specificity of this method, the relative simplicity and high speed of analysis of one sample, the possibility of analyzing aerosol samples, this technology should be considered as a promising basis for the creation of domestically made biological sensors to detect hazardous biological agents in biological samples, water, food, ecological samples and in aerosols. The deterioration of the global epidemic situation caused by the spread of various strains of SARS-CoV-2 makes sensors based on CANARY technology especially relevant. To create a domestic analogue of such a biosensor, close cooperation with scientific institutions that specialize in molecular genetics and manufacturers of laboratory equipment is required.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аэрозоль</kwd><kwd>B-лимфобласт</kwd><kwd>В-лимфоцит</kwd><kwd>безреагентный анализ</kwd><kwd>биосенсор</kwd><kwd>IgM-подобные В-клеточные рецепторы</kwd><kwd>индикация патогенных биологических агентов</kwd><kwd>технология CANARY</kwd><kwd>экворин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aerosol</kwd><kwd>B-lymphoblast</kwd><kwd>B lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>reagent-free analysis</kwd><kwd>biosensor</kwd><kwd>IgM-like B-cell receptors</kwd><kwd>indication of pathogenic biological agents</kwd><kwd>CANARY technology</kwd><kwd>aequorin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amini K., Kraatz H-B. 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