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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nbsprot</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник войск РХБ защиты</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of NBC Protection Corps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5728</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-2791</issn><publisher><publisher-name>27 Научный центр</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35825/2587-5728-2020-4-2-177-188</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">zhwrqq</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nbsprot-109</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АРХИВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORICAL ARCHIVE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>История зарубежных исследований отсроченной нейротоксичности, вызванной фосфорорганическими соединениями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>History of Foreign Studies of Organophosphate Induced Delayed Neuropathy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иноземцев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Inozemtsev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иноземцев Валерий Александрович. Начальник института, доктор военных наук</p><p>412918, г. Вольск-18, Краснознаменная, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy Alexandrovich Inozemtsev. Head of Institute, Doctor of Military Sciences</p><p>Krasnoznamennaya Street 1, Volsk-18, Saratov Region 412918</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нельга</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nelga</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нельга Игорь Аликович. Начальник управления, кандидат химических наук.</p><p>412918, г. Вольск-18, Краснознаменная, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor Alikovich Nelga. Head of Department, Candidate of Chemical Sciences.</p><p>Krasnoznamennaya Street 1, Volsk-18, Saratov Region 412918</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медвецкий</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvetsky</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Медвецкий Игорь Викторович. Начальник отдела, кандидат химических наук.</p><p>412918, г. Вольск-18, Краснознаменная, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor Viktorovich Medvetsky. Head of Department, Candidate of Chemical Sciences.</p><p>Krasnoznamennaya Street 1, Volsk-18, Saratov Region 412918</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комиссаренко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komissarenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комиссаренко Сергей Анатольевич. Ведущий научный сотрудник управления, кандидат химических наук.</p><p>412918, г. Вольск-18, Краснознаменная, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Anatolievich Komissarenko. Leading Researcher, Candidate of Chemical Sciences.</p><p>Krasnoznamennaya Street 1, Volsk-18, Saratov Region 412918</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Злобин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zlobin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Злобин Александр Владимирович. Заместитель начальника отдела, кандидат химических наук.</p><p>412918, г. Вольск-18, Краснознаменная, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Vladimirovich Zlobin. Deputy Head of Department, Candidate of Chemical Sciences.</p><p>Krasnoznamennaya Street 1, Volsk-18, Saratov Region 412918</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьяков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tretyakov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Третьяков Сергей Вадимович. Старший научный сотрудник, кандидат химических наук.</p><p>412918, г. Вольск-18, Краснознаменная, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Vadimovich Tretyakov. Senior Researcher, Candidate of Chemical Sciences.</p><p>Krasnoznamennaya Street 1, Volsk-18, Saratov Region 412918</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шерстюк</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sherstyuk</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шерстюк Артем Валерьевич. Старший научный сотрудник, кандидат химических наук.</p><p>412918, г. Вольск-18, Краснознаменная, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem Valerievich Sherstyuk. Senior Researcher, Candidate of Chemical Sciences.</p><p>Krasnoznamennaya Street 1, Volsk-18, Saratov Region 412918</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">33cnii-ito@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «33 Центральный научно-исследовательский испытательный институт» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Establishment «33 Central Scientific Research Test Institute» of the Ministry of Defenсe of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>177</fpage><lpage>188</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иноземцев В.А., Нельга И.А., Медвецкий И.В., Комиссаренко С.А., Злобин А.В., Третьяков С.В., Шерстюк А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иноземцев В.А., Нельга И.А., Медвецкий И.В., Комиссаренко С.А., Злобин А.В., Третьяков С.В., Шерстюк А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Inozemtsev V.A., Nelga I.A., Medvetsky I.V., Komissarenko S.A., Zlobin A.V., Tretyakov S.V., Sherstyuk A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/109">https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/109</self-uri><abstract><p>Отдельные фосфорорганические соединения обладают высокой токсичностью и могут быть использованы в качестве боевых отравляющих веществ (ОВ). Однако некоторые классы органических соединений фосфора могут вызывать так называемую отсроченную нейротоксичность. С момента открытия в 1899 г. и до настоящего времени проводятся обширные исследования отсроченной нейротоксичности, вызванной фосфорорганическими соединениями. Массовые отравления жителей США и Марокко в прошлом веке продемонстрировали высокую опасность веществ, вызывающих нейротоксичность, и дали мощнейший толчок исследованиям этого явления. Кроме отсроченных эффектов, некоторые соединения фосфора усиливают действие уже известных боевых ОВ, повышая их токсичность более чем в 10 раз. Исследования в этом направлении ведутся под эгидой оборонных ведомств США, Канады и Нидерландов. Широкое распространение соединений фосфора в различных отраслях промышленности и сельского хозяйства, длительный скрытый период и необратимость поражений, вызываемых нейротоксичными ФОС, обуславливают их потенциальную угрозу для безопасности Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Сertain organophosphates are highly toxic and can be used as chemical warfare agents. However, some classes of organic phosphorus compounds can cause so-called delayed neurotoxicity. Since the discovery of this phenomenon in 1899, extensive research has been conducted on delayed neurotoxicity caused by organophosphates. Mass poisoning of residents of the United States and Morocco in the last century demonstrated the high danger of substances that cause neurotoxicity, and gave a powerful impetus to research into this phenomenon. In addition to delayed effects, some phosphorus compounds potentiate the action of already known chemical warfare agents, increasing their toxicity by more than 10 times. Research in this direction is conducted under the auspices of the defense departments of the United States, Canada and the Netherlands. The wide distribution of phosphorus compounds in various industries and agriculture, the long hidden period and the irreversibility of lesions caused by neurotoxic organic phosphorus compounds, cause their potential threat to the security of the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейропатическая эстераза</kwd><kwd>органические соединения фосфора</kwd><kwd>отсроченная нейротоксичность</kwd><kwd>синергизм</kwd><kwd>триортокрезилфосфат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuropathy target esterase</kwd><kwd>organic phosphorus compounds</kwd><kwd>delayed neurotoxicity</kwd><kwd>synergism</kwd><kwd>tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нельга И.А., Медвецкий И.В., Злобин А.В. и др. 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