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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nbsprot</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник войск РХБ защиты</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of NBC Protection Corps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5728</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-2791</issn><publisher><publisher-name>27 Научный центр</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35825/2587-5728-2020-4-2-116-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">qbjtem</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nbsprot-105</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Биологическая безопасность и защита от биологических угроз</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Biological Security and Protection against Biological Threats</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пандемия COVID-19: анализ возможных сценариев развития эпидемии заболевания в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Possible Scenarios for the Development of the Epidemic in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисевич</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisevich</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борисевич Сергей Владимирович. Начальник Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «48 ЦНИИ» Минобороны России, д-р биол. наук, проф., чл.-корр. РАН</p><p>г. Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Vladimirovich Borisevich. Head of the FSBE «48 Central Scientific Research Institute». Doctor of Biological Sciences, Corresponding Member of RAS</p><p>Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">48cnii@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сизикова</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sizikova</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сизикова Татьяна Евгеньевна. Научный сотрудник, канд. биол. наук</p><p>г. Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana Eugenievna Sizikova. Researcher. Candidate of Biological Sciences</p><p>Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедев Виталий Николаевич. Ведущий научный сотрудник, д-р биол. наук, проф.</p><p>г. Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly Nikolayevich Lebedev. Leading Researcher. Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor</p><p>Oktyabrskiy Street 11, Sergiev Posad 141306</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Establishment «48 Central Scientific Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>116</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Борисевич С.В., Сизикова Т.Е., Лебедев В.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Борисевич С.В., Сизикова Т.Е., Лебедев В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borisevich S.V., Sizikova T.E., Lebedev V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/105">https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/105</self-uri><abstract><p>Пандемия COVID-19 поставила перед мировым здравоохранением множество вопросов, ответы на которые можно дать только в ходе ее тщательного изучения. В начальном периоде пандемии (первые числа января 2020 г.) она рассматривалась как локальная вспышка эмерджентной коронавирусной инфекции с неустановленной возможностью передачи от человека к человеку. Однако уже 11 марта 2020 г. ВОЗ объявила пандемию COVID-19. Цель работы – анализ возможных сценариев развития эпидемии заболевания в России. Заражение COVID-19 происходит, в основном, на ранней стадии болезни, когда больные еще не диагностированы. Это обстоятельство является кардинальным отличием COVID-19 от SARS и MERS, при которых больные становятся заразными уже после проявления признаков заболевания. На основании изучения динамики изменения ряда эпидемиологических характеристик проведено сравнение эпидемии в России с эпидемиями в КНР, Италии, Германии и США. Сделан вывод о том, что эпидемия COVID-19 в России отличается тем, что ее эпицентром в России стал столичный регион (Москва и Московская область), являющийся крупнейшим центром транспортных коммуникаций. Рассмотрены варианты развития эпидемии в России в зависимости от интенсивности проводимых противоэпидемических мероприятий. Для описания распространения эпидемии была использована модель SIR (англ. Susceptible Infected Recovered – уязвимые, зараженные, выздоравливающие), предложенная шотландскими эпидемиологами Кермаком и Маккендриком (W.O. Kermack, A.G. McKendrick). Полученные данные позволяют ориентировочно определить дату окончания активной фазы эпидемии COVID-19 (после которой возможна регистрация лишь ограниченного количества случаев заболевания, которое не превосходит пороговое значение). Данная дата наступает приблизительно через 6 нед. после завершения фазы выхода эпидемии на плато. Начало фазы выхода на плато эпидемии COVID-19 – первые числа мая 2020 г., схода с плато – середина июня 2020 г. Ориентировочный срок завершения эпидемии – 8–25 августа 2020 г.; общее количество лиц с подтвержденным диагнозом заболевания составит 991–1122 тыс. человек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The COVID-19 pandemic posed many questions to world health. They could be satisfactorily answered only after a thorough study. During the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic (early January 2020), it was considered a local outbreak of emergent coronavirus infection with an undetermined possibility of person-to-person transmission. However, on March 11, the World Health Organization (WHO) upgraded the status of the COVID-19 outbreak from epidemic to pandemic. The aim of this article was to analyze possible scenarios of the development of COVID-19 epidemics in Russia. COVID-19 infection occurs mainly in the beginning stage of the disease, when patients are not yet diagnosed. This is the fundamental difference between COVID-19 and SARS or MERS, in which patients become contagious after onset of symptoms of the disease. Based on the study of dynamics of changes in certain epidemiological characteristics, the epidemic in Russia was compared in this article with the same epidemics in China, Italy, Germany and the United States. The authors came to the conclusion, that the COVID-19 epidemic in Russia was different from the above mentioned epidemics, because the capital region (Moscow and Moscow region), the largest center of transport communications, became the epicenter of the epidemic in Russia. They considered different variants of epidemic development in Russia, depending on the intensity of ongoing anti-epidemic measures. To describe the spread of the epidemic, the SIR model (Susceptible Infected Recovered) proposed by Scottish epidemiologists W.O. Kermack and A.G. McKendrick was used. Based on the data obtained, it turned out to be possible to tentatively determine the final date of the active phase of the COVID-19 epidemic (after which it is possible to register only a limited number of cases of the disease). This date should come about 6 weeks after the completion of the plateau phase. The beginning of the plateau phase was early May 2020, and the end of the plateau phase should be mid June 2020. The estimated completion date should be August 8–25, 2020. The total number of people with a confirmed diagnosis could be 991–1122 thousand.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>противоэпидемические мероприятия</kwd><kwd>сценарии развития эпидемии</kwd><kwd>эпидемические характеристики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>anti-epidemic measures</kwd><kwd>epidemic scenarios</kwd><kwd>epidemic characteristics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu D.S., Azhar E.I. Madani T.A. et al. The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses in global health – the latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak to Wuhan, China // Int. J. Infect. Dis. 2020. V. 91. 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